Collection: Revista Chilena de Medicina Familiar

Aims: to adapt and validar an instrument that mother – son evaluates attachment for his application in the diada to 6 months in communes of the sector South – orientates of Santiago. Method: the process of validation consisted in: 1) The selection of the instrument across an extensive bibliographical review, there being selected the “Scale of Massie-Campbell’s Attachment”; 2) The adjustment of the instrument to the language and culture places; 3) HU validation as for Appearance Constructo and Content across a committee reviser of experts; 4) It field tries the instrument; 5) Evaluation of reliability across the Inter-observant analysis of conformity for Wilcoxon Signed-Rank’s method Test for Difference in Medians. Results: there was achieved the final version of the Scale of adapted, modified Massie-Campbell and validada in appearance, constructo and content. Reliability  evaluated across the Inter-observant analysis of conformity for Wilcoxon Signed-Rank’s methodTestfor Difference in Medians. Conformity was confirmed in five of seven observed conducts. Concomitantemente developed a Manual and Mini manual* his use. Conclusion: the adjustment and validation of appearance was realized, constructo and content of an instrument for the measurement of attachment in Chilean’s infants, fulfilling with all the necessary stages described in the literature for the validation of an instrument of typical these. In view of the important of the topic; this scale will allow the detection and precocious intervention of upset bosses of attachment, which according to the evidence has demonstrated to be the most e ective method among the interventions in attachment.

Se estudiaron prospectivamente, con igual protocolo de estudio, 193 pacientes portadores de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 durante el año 2006, procedentes del Centro de Salud Rinconada, y correspondientes al 98% de la prevalencia esperada (5%) para determinar las características clínicas de estos en lo relativo a la presencia de retinopatía diabética, mediante oftalmoscopia directa con midriasis farmacológica. Se encontró una prevalencia de retinopatía diabética del 22%, situación que se presentaba con mayor frecuencia a medida que empeoraba el control metabólico, medido con hemoglobina glicosilada A1c, y con el tiempo de evolución de la enfermedad, expresado como años de diagnosticó. Adicionalmente, se encontró la microalbuminuria como factor de riesgo a tener presente en el estadio de la afección. Se refuerza el concepto de pesquisa asociado a derivabilidad de la patología en cuestión con el consiguiente ahorro de recursos oftalmólogo.

Chile is one of the countries with more consumption of cigarettes in America and the prices are cheaper compared with the food necessary. The new Law of Tobacco in Chile was very important in public health, however, the law has its defects. According to the cost effective interventions suggested by the World Bank, an analysis has been done to compared the Chilean law with the actual law in the countries of Brazil, Spain and Italy. The principal
differences found, were in the smoking prohibition in public places and in work places. Another difference found between the law in those countries was the access to centres of help for smokers who wish to quit. Though, the publicity and citizen conscience are essentials, to modify the conduct and to prevail the idea that not smoking is normal.

This article describes some practical’ tips to improve the organization and administration of the patientflow in aFamily Medicine Health Centrehasecl an intemationalexperience and the authors experience inprimaiy care in Chile. It is an introduction to the subject, hopingthat some of these ideas can be put into practice in the not too distant future.
 

Se acerca un nuevo Congreso de Medicina Familiar y con él una nueva convocatoria a presentar trabajos de Investigación y Experiencia.

Este encuentro fue organizado por la Sociedad Colombiana de Medicina Fa-miliar con apoyo y colaboración de la Universidad del Valle de Cali, representados ambos por la Dra. Liliana Arias-Castillo en su calidad de Presidenta de la Sociedad Colombiana y Decana de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad del Valle.

This article is the continuation of an article published in the previous edition of this journal on the patho-physiology and diagnosis of urinary incontinence. In this second article we describe an up-date of the basic elements of treatment of urinary incontinence for family doctors are not urologist.

Photoaging is considered as a group of clinical manifestations due to chronic exposure to solar ultraviolet irradiation (UV). Although it ‘spathophysiology is not totally clean reactive oxygen species are known to be generated by UV radiation causing dermic damage, as well as an augmentation in transcription of metallioproteinases (MMPs) due to radiation UV: MMPs produce damage in extracellular matrix and accumulates tissue damage; all that conducing to photoaging Multiple treatments have bemproposed to stop damagingeects  UV Amongthem, reducing skin exposure to UV radiation remains as the most importan,  followed by the use of antioxidants and treatments which moderate gene expression of MMPs. However, we are only able to diminish photoagingdamage since a specific tmatment to photoaging has not yet been found.

The recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAs) is the most frequent injury of the oral mucosa; the exact etiology is unknown and the treatment if unspecific. Thus it forces to use symptomatic treatments that reduce the symtoms and, in some case, to induce longer period of remission, but without relying the problem. Among the multiple treatment: that have been use, the corticoids continue being the fundamental pillar for the handling of the episodes: of injuries, but it is not clear if the improvement obeys to the drug or natural evolution of the disease. In the present article we will review the main unchaining factors, the differential diagnosis, clinical presentation and treatments.

Cough is a respiratory reflex, or defensive mechanism, that allows to eliminate thepresentmaterial in the bronchial tree to maintain its permeability. It is chronic when itperszsts by more than 8 weeks. It has a prevalence of23% in healthy people and nonsmokers. 13% of older peoplehave chronic cough, and it is described as the mostfrequent ambulatory cansultatiorz,predominantly in women. The reason to consult is the fear to steer an oncogenk disease, also the secondary upheavals to thepersistent cough,like bad sleeping, synco and urinary incontinence in women. Thepnzsent review shows the dOrential diagnosis ofthronic cough and their management accarrlingto the consensus ofthe evidence and to the possibilities at primazy care