Collection: Revista Chilena de Medicina Familiar

El término integridad profesional o profesionalismo, como suele traducirse al esañol la palabra professionalism, es el termino que designa un movimiento de carácter ético, originado en ámbitos académicos de los EE.UU. en los años ochenta, por el que se definen los rasgos esenciales del buen hacer de la profesión médica. Abarca aspectos aspectos como la reflexión sobre los valores de la profesión, la actuación profesional (praxis) correcta y las implicaciones curriculares en pre y post grado.

Menstruation disorders are a common cause of office visits in female adolescents and can cause great anxiety and concern among patients and their parents. These disorders can be transient during puberty due to the immaturity of the hypothalamus —pituitary— ovary axis. This article reviews and updates the most common menstruation disorders to improve their management in primary care. The primary care physician must be able to identify; certain pathologies that can appear at this age and to identify situations in which a menstrual flow alteration should be referred to the secondary or tertiary level for further study or treatment.

Nowadays, oral child’s health is one of our country’s priorities. Promotion of an adequate oral hygiene should be frequently discussed with patients and parents, both as primary and secondary prevention. On the other hand, even so dental caries are highly prevalent, we doctors have very little information in the subject. Consequently, we don’t get involved in the field very often. The present article is intended to review  general aspects of etiopathology of caries and what are the recommendations we shouId follow as primary care physicians to prevent them in pediatric population. The appropriate timing for stating toothbrushing or when to prescribe toothpaste are some of the aspects discussed, making an emphasis in critical appraisal of the literature.

In this article we will review clinical and epidemiological aspects of sudden death in the designated age group, the national situation in terms of official health policies concerning the subject and the evidence based screening methods used internationally, to try to contribute to the development of a national consensus, effective, efficient and feasible to implement in Primary Healthcare.

This paper is the first of two articles, discussing Urinary Incontinence, to be published in this journal. First, we will discuss briefly some aspects related to basic physiology and physiopathology of storage and voiding, ending with a review of the main evaluation Strategies available to patients suffering from incontinence. In the second article (to be publish in the next issue of this journal), we will summarize the main aspects related to treatment options, either physical, pharmacological or surgical. Articles were written to fulfil the needs of updated medical information of family practioners.

En pacientes con artrosis de rodilla, el tratamiento durante 6 meses combinando condroitín sulfato y glucosamina no mejora el dolor en comparación a placebo y AINES. Sin embargo, su uso podría ser útil en disminuir el dolor en el subgrupo de pacientes con dolor moderado a severo. Además, el uso de condroitín sulfato  disminuye la incidencia de eventos de derrame intraarticular en todos los pacientes.

La Adición de Aspirina al Tratamiento Anticoagulante Oral logra una disminuión de los eventos tromboembólicos en el total de pacientes, pero con un aumento del riesgo de hemorragía mayor de similar magnitud relativa. Este beneficio es principalmente debido a la disminucuón de estos eventos en los pacientes con Válvula Mecánica. En otros tipos de pacientes (Fibrilación Auricular y Enfermedad Coronaria), no habría diferencias estadisticamente significativas.

En pacientes diabéticos sin eventos cardiovasculares previos el uso de tratamiento hipolipemiante con estatinas reduce el riesgo relativo de eventos cardiovasculares en un 21%.

El tratamiento antibiótico por tres días en mujeres no embarazadas, con cistitis y sin otras patologías, comparado con el tratamiento por cinco o más días, es igual de efectivo en obtener remisión de los síntomas, pero menos efectivo en obtener cura bateriológica.